Monday, February 10, 2014

Feral Hogs: Coming to a town near you



By: Kristen Tyson, M.A.

Feral hogs have been on the Texas landscape since the age of American exploration. Thanks to Texas’ wealth of plant life and the feral hog’s propensity to repopulate, these invaders settled in and spread like wildfire. Like most newbies to the Texas scene, the hogs made a home for themselves amongst the vast frontier and never looked back. The 1980s saw a growth of massive proportions as the popularity of supplemental feeding of deer became more common, along with the intentional release of hogs across the Lone Star state, resulting in damages of epic proportions. Fast forward to the present time and the term feral hog is met with a sour taste as landowners scramble to get rid of this toxic, exotic species.


Feral hog: One of an estimated 2.6 million that occupy 99% of Texas counties.


The bitter truth is that feral hogs cause over $50 million in agricultural damage annually, and that number is rising as feral hogs are left unbridled across our great state.  If the economic impact were not enough, these feral hogs compete with native wildlife species for scarce resources and damage irreplaceable wetlands by rooting and wallowing. Hogs are known to carry brucellosis, a disease that is easily spread to humans and other animals in contact with their blood and other bodily fluids. Their penchant for defecating in or near rivers and streams add bacteria (fecal coliforms) to further contaminate Texas watersheds and ponds. Hogs are rampant rooters, which has led to soil erosion and the degradation of native plant communities that are vital to indigenous wildlife.
Feral hog rooting damage
 
And don’t think these feral hogs defer to the wild landscape which offered such a rich diet for so many centuries. These hogs are smart and elusive and can now be found enjoying the oasis that is suburban and urban landscapes. Collisions with vehicles, damage to parks and golf courses, flowerbeds and sport fields, these hogs stop at nothing, not even our sacred cemeteries, in search of their next meal.  Lands that were etched by trees and endless seclusion have now turned into neighborhoods and recreation centers. Woodland trails that once led to a private pasture now lead to newly planted turf grass and petunias. 

What can be done about this terrorist on our terrain? Plenty! For starters, trapping, snaring, shooting and the use of dogs are legal practices for abating feral hog damage in Texas. But, feral hog management is not a one-time event nor are these little piggies ready to give up their domain. They have set deep roots over the years and will not go quietly. Best management practices suggest that the use of a corral trap can be highly effective in removing feral hogs from the landscape. Invest in your trapping efforts and the return will be well worth the time and money spent. Other legal practices such as aerial gunning, snaring and the use of dogs, combined with trapping, can multiply the impact of your management efforts. The result will be a reduced number of feral hogs and their destruction on your land, water and plants will be diminished, leading to a healthier habitat for native wildlife to resume control of their rightful domain. 


The hyper-linked resource document below will provide you with quick access to many of our online feral hog resources including publications, fact sheets and videos.


There are numerous videos and publications available from the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service on preparing your land for trapping feral hogs. Pre-baiting and conditioning hogs to a trap site is a vital first step in the trapping process.

For free educational programming or technical assistance with feral hogs please contact us:
Mark Tyson, South and Southeast Texas, 979-845-4698, mark.tyson@ag.tamu.edu
Dan Gaskins, Central and North Central Texas, 254-248-0532, dan.gaskins@tamu.edu
Our services are provided free of charge through a Clean Water Act 319(h) non-point source grant from the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency