Monday, December 16, 2013

Landowner Cooperatives: Teaming Up on Feral Hogs

By Mark Tyson, M.S., Extension Associate, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
and
Tim Siegmund, Regulatory Biologist, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, College Station-District 5

A group of focused landowners can accomplish any task set before them. “Individual commitment to a group effort: that is what makes a team work, a company work, a society work, a civilization work” – Vince Lombardi. What better a challenge to undertake than feral hogs? In a previous blog, Do my population reduction efforts even make a difference?, feral hog management success stories were highlighted to show that feral hog population reduction efforts can make a difference. In this blog we would like to propose some ideas on how landowners can team up to tackle the feral hog problem in Texas.

 (Feral hog sows with piglets)

It is important to know your neighbors. If you don’t, now is a good time to meet them. Landowner cooperatives are easily formed around common goals. If you are experiencing feral hog damage, it is highly likely your neighbor is as well. Failing to collaborate with your neighbors can leave “safe havens” for the hogs, which will lessen the effectiveness of your feral hog management efforts. If you are not able to convince your neighbor to collaborate, refer them to a local natural resource professional such as your county’s TPWD Wildlife Biologist or County Extension Agent. These individuals will be able to explain the implications that feral hogs have on the landscape and our economy. They will also be able to discuss the questions and concerns your neighbor may have about landowner cooperatives. 
  
Preparation is often more important than operation. Planning is the first and most important step in accomplishing a task effectively. Dwight D. Eisenhower knew the importance of planning: “In preparing for battle I have always found that plans are useless, but planning is indispensable”. If it can go wrong, it most likely will, especially when you are working with feral hogs. An in-depth plan will help in overcoming the adversities you will face along the way. Logistics are “the things that must be done to plan and organize a complicated activity or event that involves many people” according to Merriam-Webster. In planning think logistics: acquisition, distribution, maintenance and replacement for both materials and people. Other factors to consider are: goals, objectives and outcomes, budget, timelines, who is responsible for what, and internal communication. Creating an outline is a great way to keep all your “ducks in a row”. In your outline make sure to outline all essential decisions/activities in a time sequential order from the beginning to the end. Plan to have a plan or plan to miss the mark.

Creating a budget and meeting the financial needs of the cooperative is a vital portion of the planning process. “A budget is telling your money where to go instead of wondering where it went” – Dave Ramsey.  Some disagreements may arise when it comes to finances but these concerns can be addressed in a detailed budget. Having everyone on-board as to how and when supplies are to be paid for can be the “oil” keeps your cooperative running smoothly. 
  
Supplement your cooperative’s budget through the sale of live feral hogs to Approved Feral Swine Holding Facilities which are licensed and regulated by the Texas Animal Health Commission. The publication Feral Hog Approved Holding Facility Guidelines in Texas provides a more in-depth explanation on holding facilities. These buyers will typically pay between .25 and .35 cents per pound for live hogs over seventy pounds. A 200 pound hog sold at .30 cents a pound will bring $60.00, selling ten hogs of this size can cover the expense to construct a large well-built corral trap. 

Best management practices suggest that corral traps are the way to go and research backs this recommendation. Williams et al. (2011) found that corral traps exhibited a capture rate >4 times that of box traps during a study conducted on the Fort Benning military installation outside Columbus, GA. The first step in trapping is to train the hogs to your bait site. Training Wild Pigs to Bait explains this process in great detail. Finally, a trap gate will need to be selected, such as this simple, easy to build Guillotine Style Drop Gate. Saloon doors are another manually operated gate style that performs well. Additionally wireless or remotely operated gates are available from a variety of companies online. The great thing about using corral traps is that one gate can be shared between multiple traps. This works well for landowner cooperatives looking to share trapping materials. As one trap is set to catch the remaining traps can continue conditioning the hogs to bait. The video below provides a detailed look into the considerations for building a corral trap.

Cooperatives in areas with open habitat or agricultural crop production fields can pool their land and collaborate with an aerial gunning operation. These companies prefer to have large blocks of continuous land to effectively locate and remove hogs. Thanks to the new Porkchopper Bill these companies can sell the opportunity to harvest hogs from the helicopter eliminating the cost to a landowner. Dan Gaskins’ blog on Aerial Hunting of Feral Hogs covers this subject well.
Forming a landowner cooperative can be a highly effective technique to manage feral hogs in an area. The first step is actually taking a step; the feral hog problem in Texas is not going to heal itself. Rely on the experience of your county’s TPWD Wildlife Biologist or County Extension Agent to get you through any challenges your group may face. “Coming together is a beginning, staying together is progress, and working together is success” – Henry Ford.

The hyper-linked resource document below will provide you with quick access to many of our online feral hog resources including publications, fact sheets and videos.

Tim Siegmund can be contacted at (979) 845-5798 or Tim.Siegmund@tpwd.texas.gov.

For free educational programming or technical assistance with feral hogs please contact us:
Mark Tyson, South and Southeast Texas, 979-845-4698, mark.tyson@ag.tamu.edu
Dan Gaskins, Central and North Central Texas, 254-248-0532, dan.gaskins@tamu.edu

Our services are provided free of charge through a Clean Water Act 319(h) non-point source grant from the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  
Literature Cited

Williams, B.A., R. W. Holtfretter, S. S. Ditchkoff and J. B. Grand.  2011.  Trap style influences wild   
            pig behavior and trapping success.  Journal of Wildlife Management 75:432-436.